10 Things Medieval Samurai Did That Prove They Were History’s Most Intense Overachievers

Medieval samurai did not do things halfway. If a skill was worth having, it was worth perfecting, preferably while riding a horse, wearing heavy armor, and being watched. These ten facts show how Japan’s warrior class turned discipline into an extreme sport. 1. They started as… estate defenders for nobles who were busy drinking tea…

Portion of painting by Josse Lieferinxe depicting the clergy's reaction to a gravedigger afflicted during the plague of Justinian.

Rats, Fleas, and Grain Ships: How a Small Bacterium Rode a Very Big Empire into Crisis

The very first pandemic on record didn’t start with drama. The Plague of Justinian (541 – 549 CE) started with fleas, grain shipments, and a supply chain doing exactly what it was designed to do. We owe a lot of what we know to Procopius of Caesarea (Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς), a Byzantine historian whose works…